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Cat Cow Dog Horse

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Head

MasseterM. masseter
TemporalisM. temporalis

Neck

SternocephalicusM. sternocephalicus

Trunk

DiaphragmDiaphragma
Epaxial musclesM. iliocostalis, M. longissimus et M. transversospinalis (musculi epaxiales)
External abdominal obliqueM. obliquus externus abdominis
Rectus abdominisM. rectus abdominis
Serratus ventralisM. serratus ventralis

Thoracic limb

Biceps brachiiM. biceps brachii
BrachialisM. brachialis
BrachiocephalicusM. brachiocephalicus
Accessory ligaments of the digital flexors (check ligaments)Ligg. accessoria mm. flexorum digitorum
DeltoideusM. deltoideus
Extensor carpi radialisM. extensor carpi radialis
Common digital extensorM. extensor digitorum communis
Flexor carpi ulnarisM. flexor carpi ulnaris
Deep digital flexor (thoracic limb)M. flexor digitorum profundus (membri thoracici)
Superficial digital flexor (thoracic limb)M. flexor digitorum superficialis (membri thoracici)
InfraspinatusM. infraspinatus
Interosseus medius (suspensory ligament)M. interosseus medius
Latissimus dorsiM. latissimus dorsi
OmotransversariusM. omotransversarius
Pectoral musclesMm. pectorales superficiales; M. pectoralis profundus
SupraspinatusM. supraspinatus
TrapeziusM. trapezius
Triceps brachiiM. triceps brachii

Pelvic limb

Biceps femorisM. biceps femoris
Deep digital flexor (pelvic limb)M. flexor digitorum profundus (membri pelvini)
Superficial digital flexor (pelvic limb)M. flexor digitorum superficialis (membri pelvini)
GastrocnemiusM. gastrocnemius
Gluteus mediusM. gluteus medius
Gluteus superficialisM. gluteus superficialis
GracilisM. gracilis
Peroneus tertiusM. fibularis tertius
Quadriceps femorisM. quadriceps femoris
SartoriusM. sartorius
SemimembranosusM. semimembranosus
SemitendinosusM. semitendinosus
Tensor fasciae lataeM. tensor fasciae latae
Tibialis cranialisM. tibialis cranialis

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Horse · Muscular system

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Model: Vet Atlas procedural musculature, CC BY-SA 4.0

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Horse

Muscular system

40 structures · 6 diseases

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Structures of Muscular system

Head

MasseterM. masseter
TemporalisM. temporalis

Neck

SternocephalicusM. sternocephalicus

Trunk

DiaphragmDiaphragma
Epaxial musclesM. iliocostalis, M. longissimus et M. transversospinalis (musculi epaxiales)
External abdominal obliqueM. obliquus externus abdominis
Rectus abdominisM. rectus abdominis
Serratus ventralisM. serratus ventralis

Thoracic limb

Biceps brachiiM. biceps brachii
BrachialisM. brachialis
BrachiocephalicusM. brachiocephalicus
Accessory ligaments of the digital flexors (check ligaments)Ligg. accessoria mm. flexorum digitorum
DeltoideusM. deltoideus
Extensor carpi radialisM. extensor carpi radialis
Common digital extensorM. extensor digitorum communis
Flexor carpi ulnarisM. flexor carpi ulnaris
Deep digital flexor (thoracic limb)M. flexor digitorum profundus (membri thoracici)
Superficial digital flexor (thoracic limb)M. flexor digitorum superficialis (membri thoracici)
InfraspinatusM. infraspinatus
Interosseus medius (suspensory ligament)M. interosseus medius
Latissimus dorsiM. latissimus dorsi
OmotransversariusM. omotransversarius
Pectoral musclesMm. pectorales superficiales; M. pectoralis profundus
SupraspinatusM. supraspinatus
TrapeziusM. trapezius
Triceps brachiiM. triceps brachii

Pelvic limb

Biceps femorisM. biceps femoris
Deep digital flexor (pelvic limb)M. flexor digitorum profundus (membri pelvini)
Superficial digital flexor (pelvic limb)M. flexor digitorum superficialis (membri pelvini)
GastrocnemiusM. gastrocnemius
Gluteus mediusM. gluteus medius
Gluteus superficialisM. gluteus superficialis
GracilisM. gracilis
Peroneus tertiusM. fibularis tertius
Quadriceps femorisM. quadriceps femoris
SartoriusM. sartorius
SemimembranosusM. semimembranosus
SemitendinosusM. semitendinosus
Tensor fasciae lataeM. tensor fasciae latae
Tibialis cranialisM. tibialis cranialis

Diseases

Exertional rhabdomyolysisMetabolic
Necrosis of muscle fibres during or after exercise, causing stiffness, muscle pain and dark urine from myoglobinuria. It can be sporadic or recurrent; recurrent forms include that of Thoroughbreds and Standardbreds and the polysaccharide storage myopathies (PSSM types 1 and 2).
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunctionDegenerative
Neurodegenerative disease of older horses. Loss of dopaminergic control from the hypothalamus makes the pars intermedia of the pituitary enlarge and oversecrete; it causes a long coat that does not shed, laminitis, muscle loss and infections. It is the most common endocrinopathy of older equids.
Navicular syndromeDegenerative
Chronic pain in the palmar region of the foot from lesions of the navicular bone and the structures around it (the podotrochlear apparatus). One of the most common causes of bilateral forelimb lameness in adult horses.
Superficial digital flexor tendinopathyDegenerative
Overstrain injury of the superficial digital flexor tendon, almost always in the mid-metacarpal region of the thoracic limb (the "bowed tendon"). One of the most common injuries of racehorses and event horses, and it often recurs.
Proximal suspensory desmitisDegenerative
Injury of the origin of the suspensory ligament of the fetlock (interosseus medius muscle), in the proximal metacarpus or metatarsus. A common cause of lameness in sport horses; in the pelvic limb it is usually chronic and has a worse prognosis.
Equine asthmaInflammatory
Chronic, non-infectious inflammation of the horse's lower airways, triggered mainly by dust from hay and bedding. It ranges from a mild-moderate form that only reduces performance to a severe form with breathing difficulty at rest.

Study material. Not a substitute for diagnosis or veterinary consultation.